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- /*
- * Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, Silicon Graphics, Inc.
- * All Rights Reserved.
- *
- * This is UNPUBLISHED PROPRIETARY SOURCE CODE of Silicon Graphics, Inc.;
- * the contents of this file may not be disclosed to third parties, copied or
- * duplicated in any form, in whole or in part, without the prior written
- * permission of Silicon Graphics, Inc.
- *
- * RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND:
- * Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions
- * as set forth in subdivision (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data
- * and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013, and/or in similar or
- * successor clauses in the FAR, DOD or NASA FAR Supplement. Unpublished -
- * rights reserved under the Copyright Laws of the United States.
- */
- /*
- * Implementation of a virtual trackball.
- * Implemented by Gavin Bell, lots of ideas from Thant Tessman and
- * the August '88 issue of Siggraph's "Computer Graphics," pp. 121-129.
- *
- */
- #include "trackball.h"
-
- /*
- * This size should really be based on the distance from the center of
- * rotation to the point on the object underneath the mouse. That
- * point would then track the mouse as closely as possible. This is a
- * simple example, though, so that is left as an Exercise for the
- * Programmer.
- */
- #define TRACKBALLSIZE (0.8)
-
- /*
- * Local function prototypes (not defined in trackball.h)
- */
- float tb_project_to_sphere(float, float, float);
- void normalize_quat(float [4]);
-
- /*
- * Ok, simulate a track-ball. Project the points onto the virtual
- * trackball, then figure out the axis of rotation, which is the cross
- * product of P1 P2 and O P1 (O is the center of the ball, 0,0,0)
- * Note: This is a deformed trackball-- is a trackball in the center,
- * but is deformed into a hyperbolic sheet of rotation away from the
- * center. This particular function was chosen after trying out
- * several variations.
- *
- * It is assumed that the arguments to this routine are in the range
- * (-1.0 ... 1.0)
- */
- void
- trackball(float q[4], float p1x, float p1y, float p2x, float p2y)
- {
- float a[3]; /* Axis of rotation */
- float phi; /* how much to rotate about axis */
- float p1[3], p2[3], d[3];
- float t;
-
- if (p1x == p2x && p1y == p2y)
- {
- vzero(q); q[3] = 1.0; /* Zero rotation */
- return;
- }
-
- /*
- * First, figure out z-coordinates for projection of P1 and P2 to
- * deformed sphere
- */
- vset(p1,p1x,p1y,tb_project_to_sphere(TRACKBALLSIZE,p1x,p1y));
- vset(p2,p2x,p2y,tb_project_to_sphere(TRACKBALLSIZE,p2x,p2y));
-
- /*
- * Now, we want the cross product of P1 and P2
- */
- vcross(p2,p1,a);
-
- /*
- * Figure out how much to rotate around that axis.
- */
- vsub(p1,p2,d);
- t = vlength(d) / (2.0*TRACKBALLSIZE);
- /*
- * Avoid problems with out-of-control values...
- */
- if (t > 1.0) t = 1.0;
- if (t < -1.0) t = -1.0;
- phi = 2.0 * asin(t);
-
- axis_to_quat(a,phi,q);
- }
-
- /*
- * Given an axis and angle, compute quaternion.
- */
- void
- axis_to_quat(float a[3], float phi, float q[4])
- {
- vnormal(a);
- vcopy(a,q);
- vscale(q,fsin(phi/2.0));
- q[3] = fcos(phi/2.0);
- }
-
- /*
- * Project an x,y pair onto a sphere of radius r OR a hyperbolic sheet
- * if we are away from the center of the sphere.
- */
- static float
- tb_project_to_sphere(float r, float x, float y)
- {
- float d, t, z;
-
- d = fsqrt(x*x + y*y);
- if (d < r*M_SQRT1_2) /* Inside sphere */
- z = fsqrt(r*r - d*d);
- else
- { /* On hyperbola */
- t = r / M_SQRT2;
- z = t*t / d;
- }
- return z;
- }
-
- /*
- * Given two rotations, e1 and e2, expressed as quaternion rotations,
- * figure out the equivalent single rotation and stuff it into dest.
- *
- * This routine also normalizes the result every RENORMCOUNT times it is
- * called, to keep error from creeping in.
- *
- * NOTE: This routine is written so that q1 or q2 may be the same
- * as dest (or each other).
- */
-
- #define RENORMCOUNT 97
-
- void
- add_quats(float q1[4], float q2[4], float dest[4])
- {
- static int count=0;
- int i;
- float t1[4], t2[4], t3[4];
- float tf[4];
-
- vcopy(q1,t1);
- vscale(t1,q2[3]);
-
- vcopy(q2,t2);
- vscale(t2,q1[3]);
-
- vcross(q2,q1,t3);
- vadd(t1,t2,tf);
- vadd(t3,tf,tf);
- tf[3] = q1[3] * q2[3] - vdot(q1,q2);
-
- dest[0] = tf[0];
- dest[1] = tf[1];
- dest[2] = tf[2];
- dest[3] = tf[3];
-
- if (++count > RENORMCOUNT)
- {
- count = 0;
- normalize_quat(dest);
- }
- }
-
- /*
- * Quaternions always obey: a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = 1.0
- * If they don't add up to 1.0, dividing by their magnitued will
- * renormalize them.
- *
- * Note: See the following for more information on quaternions:
- *
- * - Shoemake, K., Animating rotation with quaternion curves, Computer
- * Graphics 19, No 3 (Proc. SIGGRAPH'85), 245-254, 1985.
- * - Pletinckx, D., Quaternion calculus as a basic tool in computer
- * graphics, The Visual Computer 5, 2-13, 1989.
- */
- static void
- normalize_quat(float q[4])
- {
- int i;
- float mag;
-
- mag = (q[0]*q[0] + q[1]*q[1] + q[2]*q[2] + q[3]*q[3]);
- for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) q[i] /= mag;
- }
-
- /*
- * Build a rotation matrix, given a quaternion rotation.
- *
- */
- void
- build_rotmatrix(float m[4][4], float q[4])
- {
- m[0][0] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (q[1] * q[1] + q[2] * q[2]);
- m[0][1] = 2.0 * (q[0] * q[1] - q[2] * q[3]);
- m[0][2] = 2.0 * (q[2] * q[0] + q[1] * q[3]);
- m[0][3] = 0.0;
-
- m[1][0] = 2.0 * (q[0] * q[1] + q[2] * q[3]);
- m[1][1] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (q[2] * q[2] + q[0] * q[0]);
- m[1][2] = 2.0 * (q[1] * q[2] - q[0] * q[3]);
- m[1][3] = 0.0;
-
- m[2][0] = 2.0 * (q[2] * q[0] - q[1] * q[3]);
- m[2][1] = 2.0 * (q[1] * q[2] + q[0] * q[3]);
- m[2][2] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (q[1] * q[1] + q[0] * q[0]);
- m[2][3] = 0.0;
-
- m[3][0] = 0.0;
- m[3][1] = 0.0;
- m[3][2] = 0.0;
- m[3][3] = 1.0;
- }
-